Hajri Haska 1,2*, Eneida Haska3, Olsi Miraçi 4, Andi Bufi4,
Fatmir Vodollari5, Astrit Çeka 7
1* Metropolitan University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
2* Academy of Science of Albania, Tirana, Albania
3Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
4Metropolitan University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
4Metropolitan University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
5Qark of Elbasan, Elbasan, Albania
6Municipality of Elbasan, Elbasan, Albania
Corresponding author: hajrihaska@gmail.com
Abstracts
The earth planet, the environment and the different forms of life have had a close relationship at every stage of human development, they have such correlations so significant that in these last decades there is talk of very real mutual influences between the binomial planet/environment – and life forms, life communities. Many living organisms have such strong connections with the environment that their existence cannot be understood without specific conditions for certain species or populations. And depending on these individual conditions, populations, living organisms, have sometimes increased and decreased throughout the globe. But it is the human species, which has only had increases in frightening progression from decade to decade, from century to century, regardless of the fact that there have been natural or human disasters such as diseases and wars. A worldwide overpopulation is still observed in extremes, from a few thousand individuals about 200,000 years ago, in 1880 we passed 1 billion, and in 1999 we reached 6 billion. One estimate puts the world’s population at 7.7 billion in 2019, and projections predict it will reach 8.5 billion in 2030, 9.7 billion in 2050, and 10.9 billion in 2100. But, apart from the fact that we have an increase in the number of people from year to year, at the same time more and more, the world is getting more and more urbanized, and this especially at the end of the century we passed and continues with high intensity towards the century we are in. Around the 1980s worldwide, almost 50% of the population lived in urban areas in cities/towns, and this urban population figure is projected to reach about 70% by the 2050s. This study consists of collecting data related to the relationship between built objects and greening, specifically urban green data in several urban areas in the main cities in Albania, and more specifically in the cities of Elbasan and Tirana. The data were collected mainly through questionnaires that were designed, then managed, analyzed and processed statistically. In conclusion, we say that the main objective of this study-research project is to assess the significant correlations between the urban environment and the quality of life of communities in the presence and absence of urban greenery, and more specifically of green trees and shrubs, i.e., the presence of urban forestry in residential areas. So, in the present instance, the construction/green reports were reviewed and with the aim of providing some suggestions and recommendations for improving these reports in favor of the green component.
Key words: urban environment, construction, greenery, construction/greenery ratio, trees.
Introduction
As we emphasized above, a worldwide overpopulation is still observed in extremes, from a few thousand individuals about 200,000 years ago, in 1880 we passed 1 billion, and in 1999 we reached 6 billion. One estimate puts the world’s population at 7.7 billion in 2019, and projections predict it will reach 8.5 billion in 2030, 9.7 billion in 2050, and 10.9 billion in 2100. (Harrison et al., 2000). But, apart from the fact that we have an increase in the number of people from year to year, at the same time more and more, the world is getting more and more urbanized, and this especially at the end of the century we passed and continues with high intensity towards the century we are in. Around the 1980s worldwide, almost 50% of the population lived in urban areas in cities/towns, and this urban population figure is projected to reach about 70% by the 2050s. (Harrison et al., 2000), (Haska et al., 2025)
This increased population, especially concentrated in urban centers, undoubtedly needs more residential buildings such as palaces, residential centers, villas and private houses, as well as more service and social facilities such as roads, sidewalks, schools, stadiums, hospitals, restaurants, cinemas, theaters, supermarkets and even centers such as kindergartens and nurseries for children or nursing homes. And undoubtedly this caused a construction boom to appear everywhere, and where the birth of cities is considered one of the greatest inventions of humanity, but in addition to the positive side for solving social problems such as solving the housing problem, it brought other problems by adding first the gray infrastructure, i.e. palaces and buildings in disfavor of to the green and blue infrastructure. So, when the world was at the acceptable limits of some unpleasant environmental phenomena, the human population had a greater need for the use of resources and began to use the techniques of various technologies for the use of resources, which were bringing more and more significant negative impacts on the environment. Thus, began phenomena such as soil, air, water pollution, such phenomena in the atmosphere that have to do with the ozone layer, up to heavy pollution in the form of smog or acid rain, threat of rare species or ecosystems, finally to global warming, are mostly attributed to human activities.