Hajri Haska1 *, Eneida Haska2, Ermelinda Dyrmishi3, Adelajda Halili4,
Daniel Pirushi 5, Marpol Koço4, Olsi Miraçi6
1* Ministri of Environemnet, Academy of Science of Albanai, University Metropolitan Tirana,
Tirane, Albania
2Okan University, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Istanbul, Turkey
3Faculty of Social Science, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
4Faculty of Geology and Mining, Polytechnic University of Tirana, Albania
4AKKSHI, Tirana, Albania
6University Metropolitan Tirana, Tirane, Albania
1*E-mail of corresponding author : hajrihaska@gmail.com
Abstract
Natural disasters in ancient times were catastrophes for uninformed and defenseless humanity. Many natural disasters have occurred, such as fires caused by lightning, in forested areas where human communities lived, causing great human consequences, including loss of human life, but especially by burning large, endless forest areas, these natural disasters caused great damage to human communities by destroying habitats and settlements in the forests, as well as destroying food sources by burning trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants that produced edible fruits and seeds in the wild for them. In many cases, it even took away the food they provided from animals, the meat, which was very useful for humans, but the burning of forests damaged their habitats for living and breeding, and in some cases even caused their numerical losses. In addition to fires, floods have been and remain one of the natural disasters with the most devastating effects on the planet and on human communities. For example, phenomena such as acid rain, smog, temperature increase, sea level rise, or reduced rainfall and seasonal decline, it is undeniable that such phenomena have brought many significant negative impacts, whether on environmental components such as the phenomenon of global warming, air pollution, CO2 emissions into the atmosphere, the problem of plant stress, the occurrence of phenomena such as land and sea erosion, floods, etc., and even the deterioration of living conditions in rural and urban human communities through environmental deterioration. Such phenomena have also been observed in many regions of our country. In this paper we will present a general overview of the occurrence of flood phenomena in Albania with some specific aspects in particular regions such as the Shkodra region or the coastal region between the Seman and Shkumbin rivers. At the end of the paper, we will present some conclusions and suggestions and recommendations for interest groups and policymakers with the aim of understanding the situation and taking preventive measures to minimize the negative impacts on the environment and society caused by natural disasters, especially from the floods.